Due to limitations in sensitivity, the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia remains concerned over the uncontrolled use of rapid antigen tests (RATs) in Australia and New Zealand whilst the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 remains generally low. However, the RCPA recognises that governments and public health authorities fighting localised outbreaks may need to use RATs for surveillance testing in defined circumstances, in addition to the more accurate mainstream molecular tests.